What agency is primarily responsible for enforcing environmental regulations concerning military munitions?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is primarily responsible for enforcing environmental regulations concerning military munitions. The EPA's mandate includes the protection of human health and the environment by enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. This includes oversight of hazardous materials, which encompasses military munitions that could pose environmental risks if not properly managed.

The EPA establishes guidelines and enforces compliance related to the management of waste, the cleanup of contaminated sites, and the safe storage and disposal of munitions-related materials. By implementing the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and other relevant legislation, the agency helps ensure that military operations adhere to environmental standards aimed at preventing pollution and protecting ecological systems.

While the Department of Defense (DoD) plays a significant role in managing military munitions, and the Department of Homeland Security focuses on national security, it is the EPA that has the regulatory authority explicitly suited for environmental protection related to these activities. Likewise, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) focuses on health and safety in the workplace but does not have a primary role in environmental regulation concerning military munitions.